Clinical Blood And Fluid Tests

Clinical Blood And Body Fluid Testing

Clinical blood and body fluid testing is one of the commonly used test items in clinical practice. It has a wide range of clinical applications in the aspects of abnormal function judgment, disease screening, etiology identification, efficacy evaluation and prognosis monitoring. The company has introduced advanced testing equipment, a professional clinical testing team and a mature clinical blood and body fluid testing platform to carry out a variety of clinical blood and body fluid testing. The Shanghai Medical Laboratory can now carry out HLA antibody testing. Etc., Shenzhen Medical Laboratory can carry out HLA antibody detection, MRD detection, flow cytometry and so on.

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HLA Antibody Specific Detection

HLA antibodies are antibodies produced in allogeneic immune responses, such as pregnancy, infusion of blood products, xenografts, and the like. Donor specific antibody (DSA) refers to a specific HLA antibody raised against a donor HLA produced in a patient. DSA positivity in unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, haploid transplantation, and cord blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a major risk factor for graft failure. The presence of DSA in patients affects post-transplantation, GVHD, transplant-related mortality, overall survival, and thrombocytopenia.

Applicable people: routine detection before transplantation, routine detection of platelet transfusion, routine monitoring after transplantation. Clinical significance: preferred donor, assessment of platelet transfusion effect and post-transplant effect

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Minimal Residual Lesion Detection

Minimal Residual Disease，MRD refers to the leukemia patients after induction of remission treatment, and according to the currently determined efficacy criteria to achieve complete remission (CR) after the residual micro-leukemia cells. By measuring the MRD level, the prognosis of acute leukemia can be further accurately stratified to guide the adjustment of the treatment plan. MRD has been shown to be closely associated with leukemia recurrence. Statistical studies have shown that MRD levels after treatment are the most significant independent prognostic factors. Patients with no MRD or low MRD at the end of treatment had a good prognosis, and MRD-negative patients had a recurrence rate of only 2%-10%. In contrast, patients with high levels of MRD have a recurrence rate as high as 70%-100%. Flow cytometry, FISH, karyotype analysis and digital PCR can be used as routine techniques for detecting leukemia MRD.

Applicable people: newly diagnosed patients with blood diseases for disease diagnosis; post-treatment blood disease patients for efficacy evaluation Clinical significance: found abnormal blood cell structure and morphology; understanding the state of bone marrow hematopoietic function; assisted detection of hematopoietic system diseases

03.

Flow Cytometry

a)Immunophenotyping

Leukemia immunophenotyping is the detection of leukemia cell membrane and cytoplasmic antigen by different monoclonal antibodies, and its phenotype is analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) to realize the diagnosis of the source and differentiation degree of leukemia cells. Leukemia immunophenotyping has become an essential basis for the diagnosis of leukemia, and it can also provide important information for the detection of MRD and the treatment and prognosis of leukemia. Leukemia immunophenotyping is an important supplement and further deepening of cell morphological typing. Fluorescence labeling technology combined with FCM detection and determination of leukemia immunophenotype is characterized by accuracy, rapidity, objectivity, good reproducibility and specificity. The accuracy of the diagnosis.

Applicable people: patients with various blood diseases such as myeloid and leukemia Clinical significance: for rapid identification of leukemia, acute leukemia typing, lymphoma,
MDS/MPN/AA, metastatic cancer, MRD detection, immune function testing, etc.

b)PNH clone detection

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria, PNH it is a non-malignant clonal disease caused by mutation of one or several hematopoietic stem cells through the acquired somatic cell PIG-A gene, which is mainly characterized by chronic intravascular hemolysis, hematopoietic failure and repeated thrombosis. Fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibody and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression and expression of CD55/CD59 cell antigen, cell size, and intracellular particle size, thereby identifying normal and abnormal cells.

Applicable people: PNH patients Clinical significance: for the auxiliary diagnosis and identification of PNH

c)Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell count - CD34+ cell percentage/absolute count

In the process of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, collecting a sufficient number of hematopoietic stem cells is the key to successful transplantation. The discovery that CD34 molecules are expressed on hematopoietic progenitors provides a powerful tool for clinical HSCT to assess the minimum threshold for implantation. A large number of clinical and laboratory transplants enriched with CD34+ cells provide safe and long-lasting multilineage hematopoietic reconstitution. The use of flow cytometry to count CD34+ cells is fast, simple, and quantifiable. It has been widely used to detect the number of HSC/HPC in grafts and to determine the timing of collection.

Applicable people: blood disease patients and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Clinical significance: The number of hematopoietic stem cells mobilized into the peripheral blood, assisted in judging the timing and infusion volume.

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